{"id":1303,"date":"2023-12-13T09:07:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-13T08:07:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lidla.net\/?p=1303"},"modified":"2026-06-10T11:54:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T09:54:55","slug":"%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b7-%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b7%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/?p=1303","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0 \u0645\u0643\u0629 (1491-1495)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\/ \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"848\" height=\"534\" data-attachment-id=\"1305\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/?attachment_id=1305\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?fit=848%2C534&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"848,534\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-71\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?fit=848%2C534&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?resize=848%2C534&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?w=848&amp;ssl=1 848w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?resize=300%2C189&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-71.png?resize=768%2C484&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0629: \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062c\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn2\" id=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u064e\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0650\u0644\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1491\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1495\u0645. <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a>\u064a\u0636\u0645 <\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0635 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u00a0<a id=\"_ftnref3\" href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>(Aljamiado)\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646: \u0634\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0632\u0627\u0633\u064e\u0633 \u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0652\u062b \u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0652\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0628\u0652\u064a\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0651\u064a\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0652\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0650\u062b \u063a\u0627\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0634\u0652\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0652\u0633\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0627<a id=\"_ftnref4\" href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0645\u0631-\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646.-\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641.-\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-7-\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0631.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of \u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0645\u0631-\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646.-\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641.-\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-7-\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0631.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-6eeb02c9-5f57-4de1-9485-b6e881da3097\" href=\"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0645\u0631-\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646.-\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641.-\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-7-\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0631.pdf\">\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0645\u0631-\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646.-\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641.-\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-7-\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/\u062d\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0645\u0631-\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646.-\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0639\u0628\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641.-\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-7-\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0631.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-6eeb02c9-5f57-4de1-9485-b6e881da3097\">Descarga<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\"><\/a>&nbsp;[1] \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0629: \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646 1491-1495&#8243;\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De \u00c1vila a la Meca: el relato del viaje de Omar Pat\u00f3n<a> <\/a><a>(1491-1495)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\/ \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" id=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> &nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062c\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1492\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c 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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" id=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Javier Casassas Canals, Olatz Villanueva Zubizarreta, Seraf\u00edn De Tapia S\u00e1nchez, Javier Jim\u00e9nez Gadea, Ana Echevarr\u00eda Arsuaga.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\/ \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0629: \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0646&#8221;[1] \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062c 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