{"id":5499,"date":"2026-10-06T17:17:29","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T15:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/?p=5499"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:26:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T16:26:07","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%83%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fomlar.org\/?p=5499","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629  &#8211; \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-medium-font-size\"><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p 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\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 utterance meaning \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a element metaphorical the \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a a metaphorical utterance \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 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\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 possible speaker&#8217;s intentions\u060c \u0641\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 a nonsense sentence \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u064a \u00ab\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u00bb \u00abcolorless green ideas sleep furiously\u00bb \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b metaphorical interpretation \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 literally nonsensical. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0623\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a metaphorical meaning \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645.<br>\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 ironical utterances \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 indirect speech acts \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 systematic \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 random \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 ad hoc. \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f 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